Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which primarily affects the lungs but can also involve other organs such as the brain, kidneys, spine, and lymph nodes. TB spreads through airborne droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes. Symptoms may develop slowly, including chronic cough, weight loss, fever, and night sweats. With timely diagnosis through tests like sputum examination, chest X-ray, GeneXpert, and blood tests, TB is fully treatable. Treatment requires a combination of anti-TB medications taken for several months to ensure complete cure and prevent drug resistance. Early detection and adherence to treatment are essential to stopping transmission and achieving recovery.

• Caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis: A bacterial infection that mainly affects the lungs but can spread to almost any organ in the body.
• Spreads Through Airborne Droplets: TB is transmitted when an infected person coughs, talks, or sneezes, making early screening important.
• Common Symptoms Develop Gradually: Includes chronic cough, fever, fatigue, night sweats, chest pain, weight loss, and loss of appetite.
• Diagnosed With Advanced Tests: Evaluation includes sputum testing, GeneXpert, chest X-ray/CT scan, blood tests, and TB culture for confirmation.
• Completely Treatable With Proper Medication: Standard treatment involves a multi-drug regimen taken for 6–9 months, with monitoring to ensure cure and prevent drug resistance.
• Prevention Focuses on Early Detection & Protection: Includes timely treatment, masks, good ventilation, BCG vaccination in children, and avoiding exposure to infectious cases.